Magneto-electric machine.



F. R. SIMMS. MAGNETO ELECTRIC MAGHNE.

APPLIGATION FILED 00T.9,1911.

1,039,454. Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

' A LUG DxsTmauToR SF RK P PRIMARY COIL.

SECON DALY E'. R. SMMS.

MAGNET@ ELECTRIC Mmmm.

APPLTO FILED OGT,9,1911. ,@39,454. Patente Sept. 24, 1912.

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UWE/W01? B @@mw@ www MAGNET() ELECTRIC? MACHNE.

LPLICATON PIL ED OGT.9,1911.

Patented sepn24,1912.

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R .O U m y m -UNTTED sTATns PATENT onrion.

FEDE'RICK RICHARD SIMMS, OF KILBU'BN, LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR T0 SIMMSMAGNETO COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MAGNETo-ELnd'rnrc MACHINE.

specication' of Letters Patent. Patented Sept. 24, 1912.

Application filed October 9, 1911. Serial No. 653,539.

To all/whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, Fnnnniucic It. SIM-Ms. n subject of the King ofGreat Brit-ain, resid ino' at Wilbeck `Works, Kimberley Road, l"illesden Lane, Kilburn, London, England,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Magneto-ElectricMachines; and I do hereby declare the following to be ay full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art. to which it appertains to make 4and use the same.

This invention consists in the novel features hereinafter described,reference being had to the accompanying drawings which ,illustrate anembodiment of the invention which I .have selected for the purpose ot'illustrating the same and the said invention is fully disclosed in thefollowing descrip? tion and claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l rep-- rcsents a verticallongitudinal sectional vien' of a high tension magneto electric machineembodying my present invention. y Fig. 9. is an end elevation of thesame. Fig. 3 is a partial end elevation with the commutator removed.Fig. 4: .is a plan view of the commutator detached. Figs. 5 and 6 aresectional views on the lines 5-5 and 6-6 ot Fign' respectively. Fig. 7is matic represent-ation of the circuits, showing the switch in theaccumulator position.

2 vThis invention relates to high tension y'magneto electricmachineslintended for use le'sIecia-lly in a dual ignition system in which aattery or accumulator is employed for the purpose of energizing theprimary winding of the armature of the high tension magneto electricmachine when the magneto is not in operation, the armature acting insuch case as an induction coil and enabling the 'iguiting sparks to beproduced by interrupting the primary current by means of an automatictrembler and distributing the high tension current produced in thesecondary winding to the ignition plugs in the usual manner, a suitableswitch being provided for y closing the circuit through' the magnetoalone or through the battery and trembler,

ticularly to said switch having also an oil position in which thebattery is cut out of action and the magneto is earthed in the usualway.

My presentinvention addresses itself parthe provision in a magnetoot andmain body of the contact breaker.

a diagram-Y the kind just described of a. cominutator, the constructionand operation of which is hereinafter more fully described.

In order that my invention may be fully understood, I have selected forpurposes ot illustration an embodiment of tliesamecon sisting of amagneto electric machine of the well known Simms high tension typecontaining my present invention.

In the accompanying drawings, 1 represents the permanent magnets, 2. thearmature comprising the primary and secondary coils 3 is the hightension terminal of the collecting'brush holder 4.

5 is the distributer provided with terminals a, I), c and d fordistributing the high tension current to the various spark plugs.

One end of the low tension or primary winding of the armature isconnected to the armature core, and thus to the frame of the magneto,and the other end is led through the hollow spindle of the armature to acontact breaker carried at one end of the armature shaft and isconnected to a fixed partof the contactl breaker, to wit, a metalblock6, see Fig. 3 which is secured to but insulated from the supporting disk7, which forms the The block 6 is provided with a platinum pointed screw8 and a bell crank lever 9 carries a second platinum pointed screw 10adapted to make contact at the proper time with the screw or contact S.The bell crank lever J is pivotally mounted on the disk 7 and is`electrically connected to the frame ofthe magnete. .The bell crank lever9 is also provided with a fiber heel 11 which is adapted to engage twosegmental surfaces 12, 12 on the inner peripheral face of a ring 13 surfrounding the contact breaker and secured to or forming part of anannular casing 14 revolubly mounted with respect to the frame of themagneto and to which is connected the timing lever 15. The segmentalsurfaces are separated by recesses 16, 16 intowhic vthe fiber heel 11may eXtend,'thus permi ting the contacts 8 and 10 to come togethert andsaid lcontacts are separatedand held separated Whenever the fiber heel11 is in engagement with .either of the segmental surfaces 12, 12. Thissudden interruption of the primary or low tension circuit induces a.current ot high potential in the secondary or high tension circuit,producing a aming of great heat at-the points of each ot sparking plugsin turn through the of the distributer. he parts hereinbetore describedare the usual parts et a high tension electric mag neto of the Simmstype and do not in themselves term part o1 my present invent-ion.

rlthe contact breaker is provided With a pair ot brushes for engagingthe commuw, tator hereinafter described, one or said brushes beingcarried by the bloclr 6 and the other by the disk 7, said brushes beingarranged in diametrically opposite positions With respect to the axis ofsaid disk.V ln the present instance each brush consists oit acylindrical block or carbon 17 and 18 respectively the brush i7 fittingin a cylindrical casing` secured to the block 6 and the brush 18 beingsimilarly mounted in a casing on 20 the disk 7, said brushesbeingprovided With the usual pressure springs located in said casings inrear of the brushes.

The annular casing 14 is provided With a cover containing thecommutator, said cover comprising a metal ringjY 20, see `Figs. Ll, 5y

and 6 and Fig. l, closed by a circular body Q1 of insulated materialfitted therein. @n the inner tace of said insulated material, a tiatmetal annular plate, preferably of brass, is embedded in and supportedby the insulat ing material and said metal plate is then savved in tivodirections across the center, thus dividing it into tour pieces whichare permanently secured to theinsulating ruaterial and have their innerfaces inthe same plane. Two of these segments are connected to thebattery or accumulator or other eX- traneous source of current and theremaintwo are not connected. ln the drawings, 23, 24 and 25 repro sentthe segments of the coininutator, of. which segments 22 and 24 areprovided with binding' lposts 22. and 24e respectively. While thecommutator may befornied by 4e5'providingv a ring of greater thicknessthan required, which ringl is tirst savved partially through and thenembedded inthe insulating material-2l, the .solid portion of the ring isthencut away leaving the separate 5G ments separated by the savv cutsindicated at 26., Fig'. il, which are only Wide enough for goodinsulation. This method oi construc- I tion; insures the faces of thesegments which engage the brushes l? andl, being in the same plane; vMoreover by providingthe d isconnected segments Q3 and 25 between the'connected' segments 22 and 2e the.brushes fwill alwaysrub over ,thesame inetalliematerial during thel rotation of the Yarmature 'and' allvthel brush engagingporticns oit the commutator 4willvvear evenly, Whichisnot'4 'thecase VWhere the brushes pass from .a metal "segmentover'intervening portions ot'other f rr'i'aterial.` The -savv cuts beingso narrow,`

55 the brushes which are ot considerabl Greater y for thispurposelFprefer to employ the prises tivo forked contacts 36' and 37 inoui..

`nected vvit-hithe contact tl. liTith Athe n y y v1n the position shownin Fig. /,inrvhicb Width readily/bridge over the. makingl the operationot the coininutat noiseless and trictionless-2 las possible. p .i lengthotthecon M,ted segments 2Q 2' and their arrangement in the commutat issuch that current can only pass from t battery through the primary coilof t armature when the contact breaker poir ts and l0 are. separated, asthese points are i parallel with the conunutator segments anoconsequently Contact between them 'would short circuit thecommutatorseginent and cause an excessive"`current through theaccumulator due tod'ecreased'resistance in the circuit. Thisnecessitates a' considerable 5 length ot insulationbetyveenthe segments22 and 24 which. ,is",supplied bythe' insulated and non-connectedsegments and 25, rlhe position' of the'vcoxnmuta'tor with respect to thecasing' i4, is determined by any desired means.' l'nthis instance a pinis provided on one' of said parts to a recess in the other, said pinbeing shown on the casing Bland the -recessQO' being shown in the ringofthe 'commutator.v i

ln the center ot the conunutator in ing block Qlis a brush holder??Ycarry a. spring' actuatedbrush 28 1which makes conm tact. with a serein7y29 passing through the contactbrealrer inlan axial d'irectionandsecuring'the same tojthe armature spindle. The brush yholder 27 projectsfrom the ezt-- terior ot the linsulating`bloeit- '21 and is ene gaged bya contact 3,0:on the outer end et a spring plate lpi'votally connectedto the frame ofthe magneto. rlhis spring serves the vdouble purpose lotsecuring2 commutator in place, asV clearly shown l? 2,y and alsoforming' a' connection tor earthing the magneto.'

In Fig. 7 ,lt'have illustrated diagra' unat'- cally the circuitsincludingjthe controlJ`- switch ,for the magneto and'lacbmulatorcircuits. 'This svvitch islillustrated atf'fi 'end l ,oit switch' rwhichforms the subject me my application" `tor Letters'latent ot 'UnitedStates, Serial No. 596,638, tiled l0, 19M). The switch, however, folpart ort my 'present invention and is orly ce scribed yherein e torpurpose 'ot cle As indicated "in 'l -gi Y, the switch conifed on switchbar for joint'inovement, but

insulated from each. other.` v4The switch' is lalso provided 'withco'ntacts38, 39',"a0,*fil

and i2 and the forlr'edfcontact't corr nectedvwith a trembler@ which' isalso co non accumulator is inQcirouit, as" in startin automobileengine,v the 'circuit is as :tolle as: from -tlieaccumulator by vvfire50 to co' t I-2,through the forked Contact 3T? to co.

41, thence through the trembler to the other forked contact 36, thenceto contact 3S, thence by wire 51 to binding post 24a and segment 24,thence to brush 1S and to earth, to wit, the frame of the magneto whichis represented in the diagram by a dotted line; thence by wire 52 to theprimary coil, thence by wire (thro-ugh the hollow spindle of thearmature) to the block 6 of the contact breaker', thence to brush 17,thence to commutator segment 22, thence through binding post 22 and wire54 to the accumulator. When the Contact breaker is in reverse positionthe position of the brushes will be reversed and thus the armature willalways be magnetized in the proper direction, that is first inone.direction and then in the opposite direction, thus always tending toincrease the magnet-ization of the magnets.

The secondary or high tension Winding of the armature has one endconnected with the primary or low tension winding and through thiswinding to earth,.the other end of the secondary or high tension windingbeing connected to the high tension terminal 3 and thence to thedistributer from which the current is distributed to the spark plugsindicated at 60, 61, 62 and 63.

By swinging the switch lever so as to bring the forked contact 36 intoengagement with the contacts 39 and LLO, the magneto will be earthed andthe accumulator circuit broken. By moving t-he switch still farther inthe same direction, the cart-hing circuit of the magneto will be brokenand the magneto circuit restored.

It will be observed that the battery ignition is timed a little laterthanthe magneto, this being necessarily so, as otherwise the contactbreaker on the magneto would tend to short-circuit the self-starter justat the time when it was being brought into oper ation. The result,however, is thatimmediately after the engine has got under way by virtueof the battery and coil, the magneto takes up its ordinary function, anddoes the work of ignition, even though other later sparks may still becaused to jump across the plugs under the immediately followinginfluence of the battery system.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. In a hightension magneto electric machine for a dual ignition system, theoombination with a rotary armature, of a rotary part operativelyconnected with said armature, a pair of brushesv carried by said rotarypart and electrically connected in circuit with the primary coil of thearmature, a commutator provided with a plurality of metallic segmentsforming substantially a circle, the surfaces of said segments forming ,f'the entire brush engaging surface of the commutator, said segmentsbeing insulated from each other and certain of said segments only beingprovided with means for connecting them electrically with an exteriorsource of electrical energy. Y

2. .ln a ,high tension magneto electric ma-` chine foi' a dual ignitionsystem, the combinat-ion with a rotary armature, of a rotary partoperatively connected with said armature, a pair of brushes carried bysaid rotary part and cuit with the primary coil of the armature, acommutator provided with four segments arranged in a substantiallycomplete circle and having their ends separated a shorter distance thanthe width of said brushes, said segments being insulated from eachother, and two alternate segments being provided with means forconnecting them electrically with an exterior source of electricalenergy.

3. In a high tension magneto electric machine for a dual ignitionsystem, the combination with a rotary armature, of a rotary partoperatively connected therewith, two brushes carried by said rotary partand electrically connected in circuit with the primary coil of thearmature, a commutator comprising a block of insulating material havinga metal ring connected therewith, said ring being divided into fourseparate segments, two only of said segments being provided with meansfor connecting an exterior source of electrical energy thereto.

4f. In a high tension magneto electric machine for a dual ignitionsystem, the com-- bination with a rotary armature, the primary coilofwhich has one end connected to earth, of a rotary part operatively con-Y nected with the armature, two brushesv ,car-` ried by said rotarypart, one of said brushes electrically connected in cirbeingconnected'to the primary coil, and

the other to earth, a commutator provided with contactsegments adaptedto be connected in circuit with the poles of an accumulator, andprovided with a brush holder and brush engaging a portion of said rotarypart connected with the primar coil, and a detachable arm connected witthe frame of the magneto and detachably engag-l ing said commutatorbrush holder, for earthing the magneto.

5. In a high tension magneto electric machine for a dual ignitionsystem, the combination with the rotary armature, of a rotary circuitbreakerv connected therewith and provided with a fixed and a movablecontact in circuit with the primary coil of the n armature and means foroperating said movable contact as the contact breaker is rotated,

vtwo brushes carried by said contact breaker,

one ofwhich is electrically connected with each of said contacts, acommutator provided with brush engaging contacts in circuit with anexterior source of electrical energy, said brush contacts `being solocated with respect to the means ,for operating the `movable contact ofthe circuit breaker, as

SIL"

, connected with said casing, brushes carriedl to 'maltecontact withsaid brushes when the contacts of the contact breaker are open,

said brush engaging contacts being insulated -from eachother and Widelyseparated.

G. ln a hi h tension magneto electric machine for a d nation with therotating armature, 'of a rotary ycircuit breaker` connected therewith,

- and 4provided with a fixed and a movable contact, in circuit Withvthe,primary Winding of the armature, a casing movable in a rotarydirectionprovided With means for operating: the movable contact, atiming lever nation With-therotating armature, of a rofeo tary .circuitbreaker connected therewith, andfprovided with a fixedl and a" movablecontact, in circuit with the primaryvvvinding of the armature, a casingmovable in a rotary 4direction provided vvithnleansl for operating themovable contact, a timing lever connected with said casing, brushes car-1ried-byfsa1d contact breaker, andy-connected in circuit-With theprimary Winding of 'the armature, a detachable -commutator providedwithseparated contacts for engaging said brushes, means ,for connecting saidcontaets with. an external, source of electrical energ ,meansfoi-detachably securing said uall ignition system, the combi` commutatorto the timing lever casing, and interlocking devices on said casing andcoinmutator for determining the relative positions thereof. t

8. ln a high tension magneto electric machine for a dual ignitionsystem, the combination with the rotating armature, or" a r0- tarycircuit breaker connected therewith, and provided'with a xed and a.movable Contact, in circuit with the primary Winding of the armature, acasing movable in a rotary direction provided with means for operatingthe movable contact, a timing lever connected VWith said casing, brushescarried by said contact breaker, and connected in circuit With theprimary Winding of the armature, a detachable commutator. forming thecover for the timing lever casing, and inclosing said contact breaker,said comma conta/cts insulated from each other and so located as4 tomake contact with said brushes onlyl when the contacts of vthe Contactbreaker are separated, a brush holder and `brush mounted in saidcomniuta tor, said vbrush engaging a part onl lsaid lcontactbreakerconnected vrith the primary Winding 'andsaid brush holder 'having a partextending to the exterior' of the commutator andan arm securedto yand4connected'electri'callywith the magneto traine, and having a partat'its outer endto engage said brush holder, to lmalte contact therewithand to hold the commutator in position,

in therpresence of ytwo Witnesses. l FREDERCK' 'RCHARD 'Smil/l,

Witnessesr" ff, f f."

' ARTHUR'V.W.COYE, t .f vRICHARDYtaaMief.7 f,

. Contea of thiefpatent maybe obtained for ve cents each,y b5/addressingthev @ominitatouerV of latents,

Washington, D. @.21 v 4 tator being provided With brush engaging 1 t Intestimony whereof 'l aix my signature,

